Two balls are drawn, from a bag containing 3 red, 4 white and 5 black

Explanation

\(P(\text{two same color balls}) = P(\text{2 red}) + P(\text{2 white}) + P(\text{2 black})\)

\(P(\text{2 red}) = \frac{3}{12} \times \frac{2}{11} = \frac{1}{22}\)

\(P(\text{2 white}) = \frac{4}{12} \times \frac{3}{11} = \frac{1}{11}\)

\(P(\text{2 black}) = \frac{5}{12} \times \frac{4}{11} = \frac{5}{33}\)

\(P(\text{2 same color balls}) = \frac{1}{22} + \frac{1}{11} + \frac{5}{33} = \frac{19}{66}\)